---
title: Oggetti Autorizzativi critici SAP
description: "Quali sono gli oggetti autorizzativi critici in SAP? Quali sono i rischi? In che modo devono essere gestiti?

#AgleaSAPSecurity"
image: https://www.aglea.com/hubfs/Aglea/Imported_Blog_Media/Authorization%20object-Jun-14-2024-09-17-17-2325-AM.jpg
---

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# Oggetti Autorizzativi critici SAP

# Oggetti Autorizzativi critici SAP

Posted by [Massimo Manara](https://www.aglea.com/blog/author/massimo-manara) on Dec 13, 2023 12:00:00 AM

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Quali sono gli oggetti autorizzativi critici in SAP? Esiste una lista ufficiale di quali sono e come devono essere gestiti?

 

![Authorization object](https://www.aglea.com/hs-fs/hubfs/Aglea/Imported_Blog_Media/Authorization%20object-Jun-14-2024-09-17-17-2325-AM.jpg?width=487&height=266&name=Authorization%20object-Jun-14-2024-09-17-17-2325-AM.jpg)

 

Nelle ultime release di SAP qualcosa è cambiato rispetto a questa tematica. Leggi per scoprire nel dettaglio.

 

## Autorizzazioni ed Oggetti autorizzativi critici, quali sono?

Sono diversi gli oggetti autorizzativi SAP che possono essere considerati critici. In questo caso parliamo solamente di quegli oggetti autorizzativi che dovrebbero essere rilasciati solamente agli amministratori del sistema e sicuramente non agli utenti finali.

 

Non esiste un elenco ufficiale se non quanto riportato nella letteratura SAP oppure quanto descritto nei [corsi ufficiali SAP](https://www.aglea.com/blog/sap-security-quali-sono-i-corsi-da-seguire) in particolare l'ADM940 e l'ADM950. Dalla release SAP_BASIS 7.55 ([2986858 - Revision of transaction SU21](https://me.sap.com/notes/2986858/E)) la SAP ha completamente rivisto la transazione SU21 che permette di ricercare e gestire gli oggetti di autorizzazione.

 

![Authorization object](https://www.aglea.com/hs-fs/hubfs/Aglea/Imported_Blog_Media/Authorization%20object-Jun-14-2024-09-17-17-2325-AM.jpg?width=545&height=298&name=Authorization%20object-Jun-14-2024-09-17-17-2325-AM.jpg)

Introducendo anche un apposito attributo nell'anagrafica degli oggetti autorizzativi SAP chiamato "criticità" o in inglese "Criticality". Puoi trovare questa informazioine nella tabella TOBJVORFLG FLAG3 = C

 

![Authorization object critical](https://www.aglea.com/hs-fs/hubfs/Aglea/Imported_Blog_Media/Authorization%20object%20critical-Jun-14-2024-09-17-16-5601-AM.jpg?width=525&height=356&name=Authorization%20object%20critical-Jun-14-2024-09-17-16-5601-AM.jpg)

Lo scopo di questo attributo non determina direttamente una criticità dell'oggetto ma impedisce (se un certo oggetto viene marcato come critico) di poter essere disattivato nei controlli (relativamente alla transazione SU22 e SU24). Ne consegue che la SAP lo considera essere critico. Così come tutti gli oggetti autorizzativi della classe Basis  (name pattern S_*) e HCM (name pattern P_* ed oggetto PLOG)

 

In sostanza se un oggetto è considerato critico, non è possibile disattivarne il controllo.

 

> *Lo sapevi che è possibile disattivare il controllo dei singoli oggetti autorizzativi nel sistema vero?*

 

## Quali i pincipali oggetti autorizzativi critici in SAP?

In generale, esistono diverse categorie di argomenti che meritano attenzioni particolari. Per ognuna nell'elenco seguente trovi:

- Quali sono gli oggetti critici (attenzione non è una lista completa!)
- Quale problematica può comportare se viene rilasciata senza controllo alle utenze
- Ricordati che **anche gli oggetti di avvio**, quindi S_TCODE o S_SERVICE (oltre a S_RFC e S_START) **sono considerati critici**, quindi valuta bene se inserire un asterisco (*) in questi oggetti autorizzativi

 

## Sviluppi in SAP

Per la gestione degli sviluppi in SAP, questo è sicuramente l'oggetto più critico del sistema, in quanto permette di bypassare qualsiasi controllo autorizzativo

 

Oggetto autorizzativo:

- S_DEVELOP - ABAP Workbench

 

### Cosa fare?

Non deve essere rilasciato a nessun utente nel sistema produttivo con attività operative.

 

## Esecuzione programmi

In questo caso riguarda sempre la gestione dei programmi SAP, infatti ogni transazione o APP che viene eseguita di fatto richiama un programma. Nel caso specifico degli oggetti autorizzativi elencati sotto parliamo di programmi eseguibili ad esempio attraverso l'uso della transazioni SA38 ed SE38. 

 

Oggetti autorizzativi:

- S_PROGRAM - ABAP: Program Flow Checks
- S_PROGNAM - Generic Programm Start

 

### Cosa fare?

Non devono essere rilasciati con i campi del gruppo programmi valorizzati ad asterisco (*).

 

## Consultazione o modifica di dati in tabelle

Per questa famiglia di oggetti autorizzativi (S_TABU*) abbiamo creato un post ad hoc di approfondimento: [ S_TABU_NAM S_TABU_DIS in SAP](https://www.aglea.com/blog/s_tabu_nam-s_tabu_dis-in-sap)

 

Oggetti autorizzativi:

- S_TABU_CLI - Cross-Client Table Maintenance
- S_TABU_DIS - Table Maintenance (using standard tools such as SM30)
- S_TABU_LIN - Authorization for Organizational Unit
- S_TABU_NAM - Table Access by Generic Standard Tools
- S_TABU_RFC - Client Comparison and Copy: Data Export with RFC
- S_TABU_SQL - Authorization object for SQL Command Editor

 

### Cosa fare?

Non devono essere rilasciati con i campi del gruppo tabelle/tabella valorizzati ad asterisco (*).

 

## Esecuzione chiamate dall'esterno

Guarda qui il nostro video per capire quale problematica di esfiltrazione dati è possibile attraverso una gestione non corretta di questo oggetto autorizzativo ([Data exfiltration da SAP - Esportazione non autorizzata dati da SAP](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eOdy6tPjK-k))

 

 

 Oggetto autorizzativo:

- S_RFC -  Authorization Check for RFC Access

 

### Cosa fare?

Non devono essere rilasciati con i campi del gruppo function/gruppo funzioni valorizzati ad asterisco (*).

 

## Gestione delle query

Anche in questo caso abbiamo creato un post ad hoc sul tema leggi qui: [SAP Query Security](https://www.aglea.com/blog/sap-query-security)

 

Oggetto autorizzativo:

- S_QUERY - SAP Query Authorization

### Cosa fare?

Leggi qui [SAP Query Security](https://www.aglea.com/blog/sap-query-security) per l'approfondimento.

 

## Gestione dei job 

Questi oggetti autorizzativi, della famiglia dei job, ovvero di tutti quei programmi che sono pianificati in modo ricorsivo per svolgere delle attività del sistema. Ad fatturazione, generazione di report etcc.

 

Oggetti autorizzativi:

- S_BTCH_ADM - Background Processing: Background Administrator
- S_BTCH_API - Background Processing: Special Authorizations for API
- S_BTCH_EXT - External Scheduler
- S_BTCH_JOB - Background Processing: Operations on Background Jobs
- S_BTCH_NA1 - Batch Processing: User Name and Program
- S_BTCH_NAM - Background Processing: Background User Name
- S_BTCH_TMP - Background Processing: Operations on job templates

 

### Cosa fare?

Solo le utenze che devono poter svolgere attività di gestione dei job devono avere gli oggetti autorizzativi sopra. Nessun utente finale deve poter avere gli oggetti sopra. Fa eccezione l'oggetto autorizzativo S_BTCH_JOB con il valore RELE nel caso si rilasci agli utenti finali la possibilità per i propri job di poter essere immediatamente rilasciati senza l'intervento di amministratori.

 

## Oggetti da amministratori del sistema

In questo caso, l'oggetto autorizzativo sotto permette di svolgere delle azioni da amministratori del sistema di conseguenza nessun utente finale ha la necessità di averlo nelle proprie autorizzazioni.

 

Oggetto autorizzativo

- S_ADMI_FCD - System Authorizations

 

Con l'ìelenco di tutti i valori previsti dall'oggetto autorizzativo

 

AMSM - Basis Schema Mapping  
AUDA - Basis audit administration  
AUDD - Basis audit display auth.  
BTCH - Batch input test environment  
CONV - Table conversion by release upgrade  
FONT - Maintenance of SAPscript font data  
LANG - Language handling configuration  
MEMO - Allocation of SAP memory management (RSMEMORY)  
NADM - Network administration using trans. SM54, SM55, and SM58  
PADM - Process administration using trans. SM04, SM50  
RSET - Reset/delete data without archiving  
SCP1 - Settings for character sets, languages, ...  
SCP2 - Database character conversion  
SHMU - Shared Memory Monitor Update Functions  
SM21 - Analyze system log  
ST22 - Cross-Client Dump Analysis  
SP01 - Use of SP01 (All Users and Clients)  
SPOS - Use of Transaction SP01 (all systems)  
SP0R - Spool request management (all users)  
SPAD - Spool administration (all clients)  
SPAR - Client-specific spool administration  
SPTD - TemSe administration (all clients)  
SPTR - Client-specific TemSe administration  
SMON - Call system monitoring tools  
ST0M - Change trace switches  
ST0R - Analyze traces  
STAM - Display Single Record Statistics in Transaction STATS  
STAU - Display User Name for External Single Record Statistics  
STUF - Change Filter of User Traces for Authorization Checks  
STUR - Evaluation of User Traces for Authorization Checks  
SYNC - Reset buffers (buffer synchr. with $sync, $tab...)  
T000 - Create new client  
TLCK - Lock/unlock transactions  
TRNL - Translation administration (Transaction SLW2)  
TRNR - Translation administration SLWA/SLWB  
TCTR - System-wide table control settings  
UADM - Update Administration  
UNIX - UNIX commands  
COLA - OLE administration  
X25 - Open X.25 connection for SAP  
SPAA - Spool administration (device administration)  
SPAB - Spool administration (general settings)  
SPAC - Spool administration (device type, character sets)  
SPAM - Spool administration (cross-client job authorization)  
F4MX - Search help support by switching ActiveX on/off  
F4IS - Activate/deactivate proposal search system-wide  
TOUC - Execution of report TOUCHALL  
SM02 - System Messages  
SLIC - SAPLICENSE: Transaction SLICENSE  
LC01 - liveCache Administration (Display Functions)  
LC02 - liveCache Administration (Start, Stop)  
LC03 - liveCache Administration (Integration, Configuration)  
LC04 - liveCache Administration (Initialization)  
PRIN - Cross-User Maintenance of Default Print Values  
UBUF - Execute Report RSUSR405  
ICFR - ICF Recorder Authorization for Administration Console  
ICFA - ICF Administration Authorization (Transaction SICF)  
RFCA - RFC Administration Authorization (Transaction SM59)  
ICFS - ICF Authorization for PUBLIC Services (Transaction SICF)  
DBA - Authorization for Database Administration  
SMSS - MS SQL Server : Command Window  
UMON - Administer Update Records (without Update System)  
UDSP - Display Update Requests and their Data  
QDEL - Authorization to delete a queue:  RSTRFCQDS, RSTRFCIDS  
IGS - IGS Administration Authorization (Transaction SIGS)  
SFTP - SAP FTP Administration  
POPU - TH_POPUP  
SQMA - Administration of SQL Monitor  
SQMD - Read SQL Monitor Statistical Data  
SCMA - Administration of ABAP Call Monitor  
SCMD - Read ABAP Call Monitor Data  
SCHD - Maintain Control Parameters for Change Documents  
SUM - Use Software Update Manager Tools  
ST13 - Use ST13 (BW Tools)  
UCCC - Cross-Client Functions for UCON  
HMAC - Security Audit Log - Generate HMAC  
HMAD - Security Audit Log - Download HMAC  
QADM - Queue Administration (SMQ1, SMQ2, SMQ3, BDA1)

 

Contattaci per scoprire come abbiamo aiutato i nostri clienti a gestire questi oggetti autrorizzativi critici ed altri nei propri sistemi SAP.

 

 

 Topics: [autorizzazioni sap](https://www.aglea.com/blog/tag/autorizzazioni-sap), [oggetti autorizzativi critici](https://www.aglea.com/blog/tag/oggetti-autorizzativi-critici), [su21](https://www.aglea.com/blog/tag/su21)

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    "logo" : {
      "@type" : "ImageObject"
    },
    "name" : "Horsa S.p.A."
  }
}
```